This Day In Military History...

[Cap. Teancum]

It's a great site no doubt about that. Thanks Mim.

[Admiral]

September 3

Born...

1596 Nicolo Amati, Italy, violin maker (Stradivari & Guarneri)

1757 Charles X, Versailles France, Duke of Prussia

1825 Armistead Lindsay Long, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1891

1825 William Wallace Burns, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1892

1831 States Rights Gist, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1864

1835 William Gaston Lewis, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1901

1860 General of the Armies John J. Pershing, d. 1948

1875 Ferdinand Porsche, German tank manufacturer

Died...

1189 Rabbi Jacob of Orleans, killed in anti-Jewish riot in London

1658 King James VI of Scotland (1567-1625) and I of England (1603-25)

1658 Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of England (1653-58), mass murderer, at 59

1917 Fanya Kaplan, who almost killed Lenin, executed

1969 Ho Chi Minh, North Vietnamese president

1991 Frank Capra, WW I/WW II veteran, film maker ("Why We Fight")

Event...

590 St. Gregory I "the Great" becomes Pope (590-604)

1189 England's King Richard I the Lion Hearted crowned in Westminster

1260 Battle of Ain Jaluit, Egyptian Mamluks defeat the Mongols in Palestine

1632 Nuremburg: Sweden's Gustavus Adolphus and the Empire's Wallentsein draw

1651 Battle of Worcester: Oliver Cromwell destroys English royalists

1752 This day never happened, nor the next 10 as England adopts Gregorian Calendar. People riot thinking the govt stole 11 days of their lives

1782 As a token of gratitude for French aid during American Revolution, the U.S. gives USS America - its first ship-of-the-line built by the US - to France to replace a French ship lost in Boston

1783 Britain and the American Colonies sign the Treaty of Versailles, ending the War of Independence, aka American Revolution

1826 USS Vincennes leaves NY to become 1st warship to circumnavigate globe

1833 Frederick Douglass steals Frederick Douglass

1852 Anti-Jewish riots break out in Stockholm

1861 Confederate forces enter Kentucky, thus ending its neutrality

1864 Battle of Berryville, VA

1865 Army commander in SC orders Freedmen's Bureau to stop seizing land

1885 First class meets at the Naval War College

1900 British annex Natal (South Africa), troopers from Lord Strathcona's Horse, a unit of Canadian mounted infantry, are assigned to capture a strategic ridge to the front of the British line of march, east of Pretoria. Six men are killed in the action before the British commander calls off the attack

1916 Allies turned back Germans in Battle of Verdun

1917 First night bombing of London by German airplanes

1917 German troops capture Riga, Latvia

1918 5 black soldiers hanged for in Houston riot of 1917

1925 USN airship Shenandoah crashes near Caldwell, Ohio, 13 die

1929 Owen Thomas Edgar, last known veteran of the Mexican War, at 98

1934 Tunisia began its move for independence

1939 Britain declares war on Germany. France follows 6 hours later quickly joined by Australia, New Zealand, South Africa & Canada

1940 US gives Britain 50 destroyers in exchange for Newfoundland basing rights/lease

1943 Canadian troops take part in the Allied landings in southern Italy, crossing the straits of Messina to establish a beachhead

1943 Allies invade Italy & then agree to a cease-fire

1943 Japanese sub I-20 sunk off Spiritu Santo by USS Patterson & Ellet

1943 American landings on Lae and Salamaua

1944 Britain's Guards Armored Division liberates Brussels

1944 U.S. Navy shells the Japanese on Wake Island

1944 First combat employment of a missile guided by radio and television takes place when Navy drone Liberator, controlled by Ensign James M. Simpson in a PV, flew to attack German submarine pens on Helgoland Island

1945 Japanese forces in the Philippines surrender to Allies

1945 Japanese surrender Wake Island in ceremony on board USS Levy (DE-162)

1954 Red China begins artillery bombardment of Quemoy & Amoy

1967 Nguyen Van Thieu elected president of Vietnam under a new constitution

1971 Qatar regains complete independence from Britain

1976 Viking 2 soft lands on Mars (Utopia), returns photos

1978 John Paul I (Albino Luciani), officially installed, died Sept. 28, after reigning 33 days

1978 Crew of Soyuz 31 returns to Earth aboard Soyuz 29

[Cap. Teancum]

1777 - :flag: The Stars and Stripes flies. :flag:
The American flag is flown in battle for the first time, during a Revolutionary War skirmish at Cooch's Bridge, Maryland. Patriot General William Maxwell ordered the stars and strips banner raised as a detachment of his infantry and cavalry met an advance guard of British and Hessian troops. The rebels were defeated and forced to retreat to General George Washington's main force near Brandywine Creek in Pennsylvania.

Three months before, on June 14, the Continental Congress adopted a resolution stating that "the flag of the United States be thirteen alternate stripes red and white" and that "the Union be thirteen stars, white in a blue field, representing a new Constellation." The national flag, which became known as the "Stars and Stripes," was based on the "Grand Union" flag, a banner carried by the Continental Army in 1776 that also consisted of 13 red and white stripes. According to legend, Philadelphia seamstress Betsy Ross designed the new canton for the Stars and Stripes, which consisted of a circle of 13 stars and a blue background, at the request of General George Washington. Historians have been unable to conclusively prove or disprove this legend.

With the entrance of new states into the United States after independence, new stripes and stars were added to represent new additions to the Union. In 1818, however, Congress enacted a law stipulating that the 13 original stripes be restored and that only stars be added to represent new states.

On June 14, 1877, the first Flag Day observance was held on the 100th anniversary of the adoption of the Stars and Stripes. As instructed by Congress, the U.S. flag was flown from all public buildings across the country. In the years after the first Flag Day, several states continued to observe the anniversary, and in 1949 Congress officially designated June 14 as Flag Day, a national day of observance.

1777 - Battle of Cooch's Bridge. Americans attempt to delay British advance on Philadelphia.

1796 - Battle of Würzburg. Retreating, the French were attacked again by the Austrians and continued retreating virtually ending the French invasion of Austria.

1855 - U.S. Army avenges the Grattan Massacre.

1914 - Russians capture Lemberg, Galacia.

1950 - U.S. Military Assistance Advisory Group arrives in Saigon.

[Admiral]

The world just ain't quite been the same since the American Revolution.

[Admiral]

September 4

Born...

1249 Count Amadeus V of Savoy (1285-1323), d. 1323

1383 Amadeo VIII of Savoy (1416-1434), antipope Felix v (1439-1449), d. 1451

1810 Donald McKay, fastest clipper ship designer, naval architect

Died...

1553 Cornelia da Nomatalcino, monk converted to Judaism, burned at stake

1965 Albert Schweitzer

1974 Creighton W Abrams, soldier, at 59

Event...

476 Romulus Augustulus, last Roman emperor in west, is deposed

883 Arab raiders sack the Monastery of Monte Cassino

1260 Battle at Montaperti: Guelfs vs. Ghibellines

1479 Treaty of Albacoas between Spain & Portugal

1609 Henry Hudson sights Manhattan sailing up his river (though quite possibly on 9/11)

1690 One hundred and fifty Anglo-Iroquois raiders strike at French settlements south of Montreal. Farms are burned, cattle killed, and 50 habitants are massacred

1804 USS Intrepid (LT Richard Somers) blew up in failed attack on Tripoli

1864 Bread riots in Mobile, Alabama

1870 3rd French Republic proclaimed as they overthrow their King

1886 Geronimo surrenders to Gen. Nelson A. Miles, ending last major Indian war

1916 Seventh Battle of the Isonzo begins (to Sep 17)

1918 Canadian forces are mopping up the last German defenders along the Drocourt-Queant Line of trenches after a three day engagement which has cost the young Dominion 5600 casualties

1918 US troops land in Archangel, Russia, stay 10 months

1936 Largo Caballero becomes Spanish Republican premier

1936 Nationalist troops capture Irun and Talavera de la Reina, Spain

1939 Netherlands & Belgium declare neutrality in World War II

1939 The Polish ghetto of Mir is exterminated

1941 German submarine, U-652, attacks USS Greer, which was tracking the submarine southeast of Iceland. Greer is not damaged, but drops depth charges, damaging U-652

1942 Off Lunga Point Japanese destroyers sink two U.S. destroyer transports

1944 1st Marine Div sails from the Solomon's for Palau

1944 British 2nd Armoured Division liberates Antwerp

1944 Finland breaks diplomatic relations with erstwhile ally Nazi Germany

1945 US regains Wake Island from Japan

1948 Dutch Queen Wilhemina (1890-1948) abdicates in favor of daughter Juliana

1950 1st helicopter rescue of American pilot behind enemy lines in Korea

1954 Icebreakers, USS Burton Island (AGB-1) and USCG Northwind, complete first transit of Northwest passage through McClure Strait

1954 P2V from VP-19 shot down by Soviet aircraft near Swatow, China

1957 Ark Gov Faubus uses Nat'l Gd to prevent integratoin of Central High School

1960 USS Bushnell and USS Penguin begin relief operations in Marathon, FL, after Hurricane Donna

1964 NASA launches its 1st Orbital Geophysical Observatory (OGO-1)

[Cap. Teancum]

1479 - Alcáçovas Treaty is signed, D. Afonso V and the Catholic Kings, Isabel of Castela and Fernand of Aragon, putting and end to the Sucession War of Castela. The portuguese king aknowledged Isabel as queen of Castela.

1796 - Battle of Roverdo. Napoleon defeated Austrians and went on to occupy Trent.

1917 - The American expeditionary force in France suffered its first fatalities in World War I.

1941 - First German bomb dropped on Lenningrad kills only elephant in Lenningrad Zoo.

1967 - The U.S. 1st Marine Division launches Operation SWIFT, a search and destroy operation in Quang Nam and Quang Tin Provinces in I Corps Tactical Zone (the region south of the Demilitarized Zone). A fierce four-day battle ensued in the Que Son Valley, 25 miles south of Da Nang. During the course of the battle, 114 men of the U.S. 5th Marine Regiment were killed while the North Vietnamese forces suffered 376 casualties.

1999 - The United Nations announced that the residents of East Timor had overwhelmingly voted for independence from Indonesia in a referendum held on August 30. In Dili, pro-Indonesian militias attacked independence supporters, burned buildings, blew up bridges and destroyed telecommunication facilities.

[Admiral]

Capt. Teancum, where might I find more info on the Alcáçovas Treaty?

[Cap. Teancum]

This is a Treaty that doesn't have a lot of info on the net, specially in english, if one can read portuguese or spanish would find a lot of stuff.
This treaty is very important for portuguese and spanish history and it's in the origin of the Tordesilhas Treaty, that divided the world between thsi two countries. It was with this Treaty that the portuguese king step down from his claims to the spanish crown and as a consequence the Canary Islands were given to Spain.
I found a nice article, it's a little bit long, but it's a good way to understand the all deal.

http://libro.uca.edu/payne1/payne10.htm

I hope this will do the trick.

[Admiral]

Thanx, T!

September 5

Born...

1187 King Louis VIII of France (1223-26)

1319 King Pedro IV of Aragon

1638 Louis XIV of France (1643-1715), who "loved war too much"

1771 Archduke Charles of Austria, Napoleon's greatest enemy

1815 Tyree Harris Bell, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1902

1847 Jesse James, Confederate raider, outlaw, killed 1882

1902 Darryl F Zanuck, film magnate ("The Longest Day")

1905 Arthur Koestler, novelist ("Darkness at Noon"), suicide, 1983

1929 Andrian G Nikolayev, USSR, Cosmonaut (Vostok III Soyuz 9)

Died...

1235 Duke Henry I of Brabant

1566 Sultan Suleiman I the Magnificent of Turkey (1520-66)

1683 Jean-Baptiste Colbert, French Minister of Marine

1877 Crazy Horse, killed "trying to escape"

1981 Ayatollah Ali Qoddusi prosecutor-general of Iran, assassinated

Event...

1697 Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville engages an English squadron of 3 ships in Hudson Bay, sinking one ship and capturing another while the third escapes

1750 Paderborn orders annual search of Jewish homes for stolen goods

1774 First Continental Congress assembles, in Philadelphia

1775 Continental Navy issues uniform regulations for officers

1776 Adoption of first uniforms for (US) Continental Navy officers

1781 Battle of Virginia Capes: French defeat British, trapping Cornwallis at Yorktown

1795 US pays Algiers $1 million to ransom 100 sailors

1806 Fra Diavolo crushes a French column near Itri, Naples

1813 USS Enterprise captures brig HMS Boxer off Portland, Me

1814 The settlement at Port Dover (60 miles west of Ft. Erie) is plundered this day by American raiders

1836 Sam Houston elected president of Republic of Texas

1862 Antietam Campaign: Lee crosses the Potomac into Maryland

1900 Troopers from the Canadian Mounted Rifles defend their camp at Nooitegedacht, South Africa, against a concerted Boer attack. Outnumbered two to one, the Canadians fight off their attackers until British reinforcements arrive, forcing the Boers to withdraw

1900 France proclaims a protectorate over Chad

1905 Treaty of Portsmouth ends the Russo-Japanese War

1914 Britain, France, Belgium, and Russia ally against Germany

1914 First Battle of the Marne begins

1915 Anti-war conference in Zimmerwald, Switzerland

1918 Due to WW I, the World Series begins a month early

1918 USS Mount Vernon torpedoed by a German submarine off France

1923 U.S. Asiatic Fleet arrives at Yokohama, Japan, to provide medical assistance and supplies after Kondo Plain earthquake

1933 Fulgencio Batista replaces Cuban dictator Carlos de Cespedes in a coup

1939 President Franklin D. Roosevelt orders Navy to form a Neutrality Patrol to report the presence of foreign warships within 300 miles of eastern United States

1939 US declares itself neutral in World War II

1942 British and American aircraft bomb Le Havre and Bremen

1943 US airborne troops land at Nadzab, New-Guinea

1944 Chinese establish land link to India at the Kaolingkung Pass in Burma

1944 Allies liberate Brussels

1946 USS Franklin Delano Roosevelt (CVB-42) and 4 escorts visit Greece to underscore U.S. support for the Greek Government which faced a Communist insurgency

1961 US resumes nuclear testing after a temporary ban

1968 21 killed by hijackers aboard a Pan Am jet in Karachi, Pakistan

1972 Palestinian terrorists kill 11 Israelis at the 1972 Munich Olympics

1975 Lynette "Squeaky" Fromme tries to assassinate Pres Ford in Sacramento

1977 Voyager 1 (US) launched toward fly-by of Jupiter, Saturn

1978 Sadat, Begin, & Carter began a peace conference at Camp David, Md

1979 Earl of Mountbatten funeral held in Bruma

1983 8th Space Shuttle Mission-Challenger 3-lands at Edwards AFB

1984 Discovery completes 12th Space Shuttle mission

1986 NASA launches DOD-1

1990 USS Acadia (AD-42) departs San Diego for first war-time deployment of male-female crew on US combat vessel

1990 Iraqi Pres Saddam Hussein urges Arabs to rise against the West

1991 US trial of former Panamanian leader Manuel Noriega begins

[Cap. Teancum]

You're wellcome, my pleasure Admiral.

1800 - French surrender Valetta on the island of Malta after a two-year siege.

1812 - First day of Battle of Borodino.

1863 - United States Foreign Minister to Great Britain, Charles Francis Adams, sends an angry letter to the British government warning that war between the two nations may erupt if it allows two powerful ironclad ships, designed to help the Confederates break the Union naval blockade, to set sail.

1969 - Lt. William Calley is charged with six specifications of premeditated murder in the death of 109 Vietnamese civilians at My Lai in March 1968. Calley, a platoon leader in Charlie Company, 1st Battalion, 20th Infantry, 11th Infantry Brigade (Light) of the 23rd (Americal) Division had led his men in a massacre of Vietnamese civilians, including women and children, at My Lai 4, a cluster of hamlets that made up Son My village in Son Tinh District in Quang Ngai Province in the coastal lowlands of I Corps Tactical Zone on March 16, 1968. The company had been conducting a search and destroy mission as part of the yearlong Operation Wheeler/Wallowa (November 1967 through November 1968). In search of the 48th Viet Cong (VC) Local Force Battalion, the unit entered Son My village but found only women, children, and old men. Frustrated by unanswered losses due to snipers and mines, the soldiers took out their anger on the villagers, indiscriminately shooting people as they ran from their huts and systematically rounding up the survivors, allegedly leading them to nearby ditch where they were executed.

Reportedly, the killing was only stopped when Warrant Officer Hugh Thompson, an aero-scout helicopter pilot landed his helicopter between the Americans and the fleeing South Vietnamese, confronting the soldiers and blocking them from further action against the villagers. The incident was subsequently covered up, but eventually came to light a year later. An Army board of inquiry, headed by Lt. Gen. William Peers, investigated the massacre and produced a list of 30 persons who knew of the atrocity, but only 14, including Calley and his company commander, Captain Ernest Medina, were charged with crimes. All eventually had their charges dismissed or were acquitted by courts-martial except Calley, whose platoon allegedly killed 200 innocents. He was found guilty of personally murdering 22 civilians and sentenced to life imprisonment, but his sentence was reduced to 20 years by the Court of Military Appeals and further reduced later to 10 years by the Secretary of the Army. Proclaimed by much of the public as a "scapegoat," Calley was paroled by President Richard Nixon in 1974 after having served about a third of his 10-year sentence.

1970 - U.S. forces launch last major American operation of the war. The 101st Airborne Division (Airmobile), in coordination with the South Vietnamese (ARVN) 1st Infantry Division, initiates Operation Jefferson Glenn in Thua Thien Province west of Hue. This operation lasted until October 1971, and was one of the last major large-scale military operations in which U.S. ground forces would take part.

President Nixon had begun his Vietnamization program in the summer of 1969; the objective was to increase the combat capability of the South Vietnamese forces so that they could assume responsibility for the war against the Viet Cong and the North Vietnamese forces as U.S. combat units were withdrawn and sent home. Shortly after the completion of Jefferson Glenn, the 101st Airborne began preparations to depart South Vietnam and subsequently began redeployment to the United States in March 1972.

[Boonierat]

Originally Posted by Cap. Teancum

The company had been conducting a search and destroy mission as part of the yearlong Operation Wheeler/Wallowa (November 1967 through November 1968).

Just a little correction Luis, the My Lai massacre took place during Operation Muscatine (19 December 1967 - 10 June 1968), Wheeler/Wallowa's area of operation was the Que Son valley while Muscatine's was the coastal plain between Quang Ngai and Chu Lai. Very good account otherwise

[Cap. Teancum]

Thanx Boonie, for having my back.
Nothing like a pro to make sure the facts are exact.

[Admiral]

I don't know bout youse, but I love this kind of stuff.

If I make it a year, (7-8 more months) I'd like to spend the next year trying to do alot of that to what we gathered in this year. Maybe a week in advance so as to be more accurate & inclusive of any narratives any might add before any given day next year arrives. Including any we can find across the board. Links could be added to the lists.

I'd feel very comfortable if JD jumped in here from time to time with some clarity.

[Cap. Teancum]

Sounds like a great plan Admiral, if I'm alive and kicking by than, count me in.

[Admiral]

September 6

Born...

1757 Marquis de Lafayette, Continental General, American patriot, French revolutionary

1797 William "Extra Billy" Smith, Maj Gen, C.S.A.

1815 John Richardson Liddell, Brig Gen, C.S.A.

1819 William Starke Rosecrans, Maj Gen, U.S., attained "the edge of glory"

1827 John Morrison Oliver, Brig Gen, U.S.

1923 King Peter II Karadjordjevic of Yugoslavia (1934-45)

1944 Swoosie Kurtz, actress, named after her father's B-17

1946 Bryan D O'Connor, USMC, Astronaut

Died...

1701 James II, sometime King of England (1685-1688), in exile at 68

1901 Pres William McKinley, assassinated by Leon Czologosz in Buffalo

1966 South African PM Hendrik Verwoerd, stabbed by a deranged man

Event...

1620 Pilgrims set sail from Plymouth England to the New World

1628 Puritans land at Salem, from Mass Bay Colony, witches soon to settle1715 "The Fifteen" - The first Jacobite Rebellion begins

1775 At St. Jean (on the Richelieu River), an attempt by the Americans to effect a landing is repelled by a band of Mohawk warriors, led by Peter Johnson. Among the prisoners is Ethan Allan, who has recently brought fame to himself with the capture of Ticonderoga

1776 David Bushnell's Turtle attempts a submarine attack on HMS Eagle, NY

1808 Gioacchino Murat lands at Gaeta to assume the throne of Naples

1814 British raiders capture the American schooner USS Scorpion off of Ft. Michilimackinac (entrance to Lakes Michigan and Huron), effectively securing control of Lake Huron

1862 Stonewall Jackson occupies Fredrick, Maryland

1863 Confederates evacuate Ft Wagner, SC, ending 59 day Union siege

1886 Queen Victoria establishes Distinguished Service Order (DSO)

1901 Leon Czologosz shoots President McKinley in Buffalo, NY

1909 Word received, Admiral Peary discovers North Pole 5 months earlier

1910 HMCS Niobe is commissioned for service -- one of two ships to form the nucleus of a new Canadian Navy

1914 Battle of Marne; Germans prevented from occupying Paris

1918 Sailors fire first of the 5 railroad batteries at Tergnier, a German rail head in the Comeigne Forest. These 14"-50 caliber naval rifles were originally designed for US battleships

1924 Mussolini evades assassination attempt

1928 USSR signs Briand-Kellogg Pact, agrees war is naughty

1939 Navy begins formation of Neutrality Patrol for Atlantic Ocean

1939 First German air attack on Great Britain in WW II

1939 South Africa declares war on Germany

1940 First destroyers transferred to Great Britain at Halifax, Nova Scotia, under "Destroyers-for- Bases agreement

1940 Crown Prince Michael succeeds Carol II as King of Romania

1940 USS Charles F. Hughes (DD-428) commissioned (LtCdr. G. L. Menocal)

1941 All Jews over age 6 in German territories ordered to wear a star

1941 Nazis restrict Jews of Vilna, Poland, to a ghetto

1942 Japanese occupy Efogi on the Kokoda Trail, 50 miles from Port Moresby

1943 Japanese CA IJN Nachi survives torpedo from USS Halibut off Japan

1944 16 U.S. carriers strike Japanese held islands in the western Carolines

1944 USS Independence (CVL-22) begins use of specially trained air group for night work. First time that a fully equipped night carrier operates with fast carrier task force

1944 Netherlands: German Fifteenth Army evacuates Zealand

1945 U.S. troops begin returning to U.S. when Task Force 11 left Tokyo Bay for U.S., Operation Magic Carpet beginnings

1948 Juliana becomes queen of the Netherlands

1953 Exchange of prisoners of war from Korean War (Operation Big Switch) ends

1968 Swaziland gains independence from Britain

1976 Russian pilot defects to Japan in a Mig 25

1983 USSR admits to shooting down KAL 007 on 9/2

1988 Crippled Soviet Soyuz TM-5 lands safely with 2 Cosmonauts aboard

1991 USSR recognizes independence of the 3 Baltic republics